Askia Ishaq II (1588–1591) ascended to power in a long dynastic struggle following the death of Askia Daoud. Askia Daoud responded by sending a large quantity of gold as gift in an attempt to appease the sultan. Ahmad al-Mansur, the Moroccan sultan at the time, demanded tax revenues from the empire's salt mines.
However, the empire experienced a period of stability and a string of military successes during the reign of Askia Daoud (1549–1582/1583). Askia's relatives attempted to govern the empire, but political chaos and several civil wars within the empire ensured the empire's continued decline, particularly during the ruthless rule of Askia Ishaq I (1539–1549).
Songhai chaos control series#
He was later called Askia (1493–1528) and instituted political and economic reforms throughout the empire during his reign.Ī series of plots and coups by Askia's successors forced the empire into a period of decline and instability. His son and successor, Sonni Bāru (1492–1493), was a less successful ruler of the empire, and as such was overthrown by Muhammad Ture, one of his father's generals. Under the rule of Sonni Ali, the Songhai surpassed the Malian Empire in area, wealth, and power, absorbing vast areas of the Mali Empire and reached its greatest extent. Songhai rulers subsequently took advantage of the weakened Mali Empire to expand Songhai rule. But as the Mali Empire started to disintegrate, the Songhai reasserted control of Gao. Mali conquered Gao towards the end of the 13th century and would remain under Malian hegemony until the late 14th century. 1464–1493), but it was later replaced by the Askiya dynasty (1493–1591).ĭuring the second half of the 13th century, Gao and the surrounding region had grown into an important trading center and attracted the interest of the expanding Mali Empire. Initially, the empire was ruled by the Sonni dynasty ( c. Other important cities in the empire were Timbuktu and Djenné, conquered in 14 respectively, where urban-centered trade flourished. Sonni Ali established Gao as the capital of the empire, although a Songhai state had existed in and around Gao since the 11th century. The empire bore the same name as its leading ethnic group, the Songhai people, the ruling elite in the empire. At its peak the empire was one of the largest in African history. The Songhai Empire (also transliterated as Songhay) was a state that dominated the western Sahel in the 15th and 16th century.
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